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Hi this is rings at the heart.

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And welcome to the next video of this Gharlane programming series.

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Now in this video we will talk about high level functions and does expressions.

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Now as a beginner you might feel there difficulty to understand these two concepts but I will try to

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explain you each and every concept in detail.

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So I simply devalue this more deal in some sections.

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So in this video we will have the brief introduction of the higher level functions and Londres with

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the help of a small Demel in which we will try to implement a code with the help of object oriented

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programming we using the interface.

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And then we will use how to use the High-Level functions.

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And then we will use the land does expressions and in the next video we will talk about the Landau's

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and high level functions in the detail.

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With the help of explanation as well as Demel So this video is all about the introduction video.

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So what are High-Level functions in Cartland now.

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In Cartland we have functions that accepts functions as a parameter.

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So instead of passing a string or integer we can simply pass a function as a parameter to some other

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function.

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Right and then from a function we can also return in particular function and also at last we can have

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functions that can either accept the functions as a pedometer and return of function as a value.

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So if a function can satisfy any of these three criteria then that function is known as the High-Level

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functions.

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Now next comes the lambdas.

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Now the lambdas in a simple words can be defined as.

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It is just a function without any name.

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Now trust me the concept of High-Level function and the land does is very very important.

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If you want to jump into the anthro devlopment with Gartin as a programming language so make sure you

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understand all these concepts of high level functions and lambdas in this for the five videos that I'm

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going to show you in this.

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Marty will so make sure you watch each and every second of this Mordy will.

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So excited to indulge your ID.

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I'm having a glass program inside which I am having a simple method to add two numbers that takes me

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and B as a fit I need to find them and then print the sum right and insert the main function.

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I'm simply creating the object of the program and then calling this function.

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So if I add in the score right now we get 9 in the output console.

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No doubt in Dagh.

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Now now the same program can be written with the help of an interface.

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That is when we we're going to print though some of these two numbers.

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We are simply going to use the interface so far that has defined the interface down the side.

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So here I have simply defined my interface with a function of execute that exited and we get off.

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Indeed your value.

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Let's see some.

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If you don't know what is the interface then you can simply call this interface as a listener.

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Suppose on click of a button something should happen.

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So what should happen.

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Be didn't mean the help of this interface but I like an android we have Barton dot on click listener

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on each listener on double click listener and so on.

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All those are actually of an android or Java.

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So similarly I've simply defined the interface having this method of execute.

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So let us not proceed forward and let us copy this method.

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And pasted and they're called Inside the class program later we change the command line.

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So I'm simply going to use the same method and print does some with the help of interface straight.

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So here as I told them we don't.

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I simply call.

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I will simply define their code as legacy action and then the name of the interface as my interface.

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Now this is my interface is user defined.

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So you can change this name as you wish and this method is also user defined.

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Right.

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And now inside is where they will do is suppose this print Ellen is actually the body later as you make.

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Right.

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So he had as well.

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This print is actually the body.

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So in place of print Ellen what we do is I simply use action d'arte lazy exit and simply pass some as

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it did.

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And now let us leave this statement.

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As of now here and now inside the main method leads straight to call this act two numbers method that

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has a third pyramid as the interface.

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So what we do is I would simply call program dog act two numbers and I would simply select the second

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one that takes three meters to see a 7 and that it will be the interface.

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Now if you are from a Java background then you must be knowing that you can not instantiate or create

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the object of an interface.

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You can never do that.

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So how can we use this interface.

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So far that ask for a java we need to first create a class that implements this interface.

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Right and right after that we can simply implement this method that will be called when this statement

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will be executed.

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So in case of Java or in Android we used to have new on click listener or something like that.

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And inside this we actually used to implement the on click method.

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Right but in case of Cartland since we don't have a new keyword that creates the new instance that implements

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this interface.

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So in place of this we have the object keyword so defined the object keyword followed by a colon then

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followed by my interface.

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Now here I would simply define the body of this my interface and then hit enter.

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Now here it shows some EDR that we need to implement the method.

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So simply press oared bliss enter and implement the member and then hit on.

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OK so here.

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The end.

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I already have simply created the execute method for us.

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So here we have the overate notation.

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So inside this we have to define the method body.

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Now our body in our case is different in some.

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So simply copy it or got it from here and pasted inside this over didn't execute mattered.

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Now if I had the code right now let's see what happens.

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So here in the output.

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And so we get nine again.

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So this shows that by using the object oriented the darkness by using the interface we have simply got

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the same output right now let us come to the point now even if you have not understood Vought I have

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been here using the interface then please don't worry about it because I mean more to of this video

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is to understand the Landau's and high level functions.

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Now at the end.

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Let us come to the point.

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Let us use the Landau's and the high level functions and try to get the sum of these two numbers using

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the lambdas.

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Right now in order to use a lambda first we have to define a function that is a high level function

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that can accept a function within a function.

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So let us define new function and then later change the command line.

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And now here as I told paramita I won't use this in Duffys I would simply use some lambda expression

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that ever talk about it shortly and then we will change the body as well.

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Here now here inside the main method we do is I would simply define a London expression.

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Now how to define a lambda is the I'd use the curly braces open and close and then you have to define

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a variable.

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Let's say there Scollard is now followed by a dash forward by Arrow and then the body the body is actually

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in line.

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So simply copy and paste it here.

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An insert of some learned Scollard is Novotny what we have written inside these two curly Blackard are

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actually the lambda function or expression.

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So the lambda expression is nothing but just a function.

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No why do we call it as a function not just because this is actually a function without any name.

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Now suppose I have two numbers.

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This is a function with a name at two numbers.

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But here this lambda expression which is actually the function has no name.

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It has just some code written inside it.

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Now here this s is actually upbeat data like in a and b.

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Here are the meters inside the actual numbers.

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Similarly here this is actually acting as a bit.

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Then right after this operator of Atto you will find print l n s.

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Now this is actually the body of the method right.

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Similar to what we have written here.

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This is the body of the method of actually numbers.

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Similarly print alone is is actually the body of the lambda expression or function.

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Now here it shows some error that they were altered shortly so.

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But before that he had to learn and define Let's see Val best of their type of string eager to learn

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say hello.

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So here I've simply defined a variable of test of their type of string equal to some value of Hello.

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Right now similar to this.

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This lambda expression can also be assigned to some variable such as this.

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So here is what we do is I was intrigued to find a val.

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Let's see my lambda equal to s followed by the third Borghi.

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This is actually the speedometer.

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And then we have the meter body.

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Don't forget it.

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Now the compiler wants to know the type of this as variable.

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So this is actually of the type of.

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And now here the end will be gone.

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Now instead of declaring the S as in we can also define that type of expression to this variable of

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my lambda similar to what we have done here.

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This is a string Hello.

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So we have simply declared that this hello is actually of their type of string.

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So this test will not become string.

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Right.

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So similarly My lambda followed by colon and then what we do is the first one is actually the Meador

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which is other type of int.

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So here Blackard open and close it will say this.

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Let us use I.

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And B which is actually the pyramid.

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Then followed by Dash Adul and then this print Ellen is now what is the type of the body.

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Which means that vort exactly you are returning from this method.

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Now since I told you print L.N. is actually the content of the body of this method.

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So this print alone method does not return anything it returns void or unique.

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So here where they would do is I would simply write unit.

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Right now I suppose as a body if we had let's say two plus three which actually returns the interior

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value 5.

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So here I would simply write and find.

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Similarly if we have here let's say hello then this board will actually return the string.

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So here insert of and I would simply write string.

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Right now here.

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Since.

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Let us get get back to originality.

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We had the print.

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Ellen is that simple.

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It does nothing.

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Which means unit right.

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So this completes obvious statement of lambda.

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Now Still if you have any doubt then please check out my next video.

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I talk about Vought are the content of a lambda expression but as of now and let us proceed ahead.

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And now what we do is I simply try to call this function.

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Now remember this my lambda is actually a function.

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So here if I call let's see a program dord Let's see Act Two numbers and then simply pass to come on

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7.

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Now they are told pyramided I want to parse this.

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My lambda so alert Scollard my lambda.

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Since this my lambda is actually the function that we're passing to another function right.

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So that is why this function is now acting as a high level function that simply accepts lambda as it

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did.

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That is a function as it did so here my lambda will fall here.

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So here I have to define the name of the variable for this function like Scollard does seem one as action.

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So let's see it call action followed by a colon.

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Then give it a space and now here.

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Since E and B are of their type of integer.

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So this action function should also contain some type and DECtape is actually coming from here in nature

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followed by unit right.

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Come on C and come on we.

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So then we pass my lambda which is actually the function coming from and going into unit so we can't

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read it as this function action coming from my end.

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Do you.

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So this unit is actually the return type of disappearing.

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Ellen is more value we returning from the body right here.

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If you notice inside this method of acting numbers we have the body of print and then some.

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Now this Borghi we have already defined inside the print L N S that is inside the land expression.

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So what we can do here is begin simply comment that this statement.

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And instead of this statement.

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I would simply call action as we do to simply pass some.

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Now then called will be compiled.

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Then this state main action Beira we some will actually be replaced by put into line s.

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Right.

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So what we're doing here is this.

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Some will now be substituted by this as and this as it is going into the body of the line s.

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So here we are simply getting the some trend line some are just to avoid confusion.

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Let us call Parentline some.

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So when the code will be compiled the actions will actually be converted to disappearing lines and in

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outpoured we will get the sum of a and b that is 9.

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So let us not in the code.

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And let's see what happens.

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So the output and so will we again get 9.

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So this shows that our record is now working perfectly fine.

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Again with the help of High-Level function with lambda as paramita now we can simply remove this quarter

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from here.

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So here in front of you I have simply shown you a very simple way and then using the interface or the

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object oriented way.

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And then finally the comparison of these two metrics with the High-Level functions with lambda as fearmonger.

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Now at the end I will simply conclude this video by simply telling you that we can directly put this

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Londa expression control X or Control-C in place of this.

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My lambda very well.

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So when this statement will be executed we're simply passing the land the expression varity.

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But earlier we using the my lambda variable.

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So the code will execute fine.

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Now again at last you must be thinking if we were able to achieve the same thing with the help of this

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simple method and by using the interface as well then why do we need to have this lambda expression

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and High-Level functions.

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But trust me then you will enter into the Android application development you will be surrounded by

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lambda expressions and high level functions all around.

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So for that you have to simply clear your concept about these two concepts right here only and in case

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you have not understood the London expression and High-Level function in this video then please check

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out my next video.

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I will talk about these two concepts in detail.

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This is shades of the art signing off.

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And thanks for watching.

237
00:16:43,650 --> 00:16:44,570
Have a good day.

238
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Thank you.